An electrical panel, also known as an electrical board or distribution panel, is a fundamental component of an electrical system. It is used to distribute and control electricity safely and efficiently. In this article, I will show you its main components.
Diagram and Components of an Electrical Panel
Components of an Electrical Panel
1. Main Circuit Breaker (MCB): Protects the installation from overloads and short circuits. It acts as the main switch.
2. Residual Current Devices (RCDs): Detect current leaks to the ground and disconnect the affected circuit, protecting people from potential electrical contacts.
3. Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs): Protect each individual circuit from overloads and short circuits. They set the maximum allowable current for each line.
4. Busbars: Connect miniature circuit breakers to the phase and neutral conductors, facilitating energy distribution.
5. Grounding and Neutral Bars: Allow the grounding and neutral conductors of different circuits to connect to a common point.
6. Cables and Connection Terminals: Allow the connection of protection and control devices to the system conductors.
7. Identification Labels: Facilitate the identification of different circuits and protection devices.
8. Enclosure: Protects the internal components of the electrical panel and ensures the safety of people.
Electrical Panel Diagram for a Home
There are two types of electrical panels: modern ones and traditional ones, each with a different structure.
In modern electrical panels, you can find all the miniature circuit breakers (ICP, MCB, PCS, MCBs) designed to prevent short circuits and overloads, as well as the RCD; responsible for controlling the intensity and current passing through the home’s wiring.

In older electrical panels, you may notice the absence of some breakers such as the MCB or PCS.

Frequently Asked Questions about Electrical Panel Diagrams and Components
What is the PCS in an electrical panel?
What are the components of an electrical panel called?
- Automatic switch (circuit breaker)
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- Contactors
- Relays
- Transformers
- Electric meters
- Main switch
- Indicators and pilot lights
- Busbars
- Box or cabinet
- Labels and diagrams